109(2)_str 22

 

ISSN 1392-3196 / e-ISSN 2335-8947
Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, vol. 109, No. 2 (2022), p. 171–178
DOI 10.13080/z-a.2022.109.022

Fluorescent in situ hybridisation in plants: new ways to link DNA sequence resources and chromosome loci – a review

Violeta STAKELIENĖ, Izolda PAŠAKINSKIENĖ

Abstract

Fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH) that allows chromosome DNA labelling has revolutionised plant molecular cytogenetics. With the development of FISH techniques, diverse opportunities to explore and understand the structure, origin, and evolution of plant karyotype have emerged. This review aims to summarize and discuss the latest advances in the application of the FISH technique in crop plants and some wild species. Variable patterns of the genome rearrangements in the newly made distant hybrids are covered as well as contribution of genomic in situ hybridisation (GISH) in revealing allopolyploid species phylogeny at the evolutionary scale. Currently, oligo-FISH increased chromosome loci detection and visualisation at a precision never recorded before. This approach requires skills in computational analysis of DNA resources and oligo-probe design. The advantages of synthetic bulked oligo-FISH probes for genome mapping and gene localisation are emphasised in this review. This technique significantly compliments DNA sequencing data, highlights new findings in chromosome collinearity, and shows some unusual instances of plant genome plasticity.

Keywords: fluorescent in situ hybridisation (FISH), genomic in situ hybridisation (GISH), oligo-FISH, chromosome painting, crops, allopolyploids.

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