104(2)_str19

ISSN 1392-3196 / e-ISSN 2335-8947
Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, vol. 104, No. 2 (2017), p. 147–156
DOI  10.13080/z-a.2017.104.019

Genetic behaviour of qualitative and seed yield-related traits in Brassica rapa

Aamer MUMTAZ, Hafeez Ahmad SADAQAT, Muhammad SAEED, Muhammad Irfan YOUSAF, Aamar SHEHZAD, Hafiz Ghulam Moh Din AHMED

Abstract

The domestic production of edible oil meets only 20.23% of the demand in Pakistan, and domestic oil production needs to be increased. Thanks to its short life cycle, high yield and yellow seed colour, oilseed rape (Brassica rapa L.) is a potentially useful source to fill the gap between production and consumption. This study was designed to ascertain the genetic expression of descriptive and seed yield-related traits in four B. rapa accessions (UAF-11, Toria, BSA and TP-124-1) and their hybrid progenies obtained from complete diallel mating crossings. Heterosis and heterobeltiosis were computed for these traits. Seed colour was varying shades of brown and showed Mendelian genetics. Seed shape was consistently round in all lines, and leaf hairiness was a characteristic of all crosses including self. Each parent line had a particular leaf shape as elliptic, pandurate, lanceolate and ovate, and no intermediate or new shapes were observed in F₁. Leaf colour was varying shades of green. Seed shape, leaf shape and leaf colour were under digenic control with no epistatic or maternal effects. Leaf shape showed multiple allelism. Seed shape showed no variations. Leaf hairiness was dominant and under monogenic control. Number of siliqua/primary branches of plant, number of siliqua/secondary branches of plant and total number of siliqua/plant directly affect seed yield of plant while effect of plant height is indirect. Variability was observed in heterosis and heterobeltiosis for all traits. UAF-11 and its crosses with Toria and TP-124-1 and their reciprocals were identified as the best hybrid progenies for future breeding efforts. Our results for the traits, compared here will, hopefully, facilitate future efforts to select productive B. rapa accessions for breeding programs aimed at optimizing heterosis.

Key words: heterobeltiosis, heterosis, leaf hairiness, seed colour, seed shape.

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