102(1)_str11

ISSN 1392-3196 / e-ISSN 2335-8947
Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, vol. 102, No. 1 (2015), p. 87–94
DOI  10.13080/z-a.2015.102.011

Comparison of genetic diversity of three Impatiens species from Central Europe and Baltic region

Eugenija KUPCINSKIENE, Lina ZYBARTAITE, Algimantas PAULAUSKAS

Abstract

The present study is aimed at evaluation of genetic diversity of populations of three Impatiens species from two countries by employing multilocus markers of two different types. The total number of individuals was 355, the number of populations for each species – native Impatiens noli-tangere and invasive – I. parviflora, I. glandulifera, was 8 (4 from Lithuania and 4 from the Czech Republic). Impatiens species were evaluated according to 8 randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) loci and 5 inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) loci. Independently of the site, at the species level polymorphism was the highest for I. glandulifera at RAPD loci (35.2%, as a mean per population) and for I. noli-tangere at ISSR loci (48%). RAPD and ISSR based dendrograms for individuals and populations also principal coordinate analyses clearly clustered populations of each species according to their countries, except for ISSR based dendrogram for the populations of I. noli-tangere. Estimated at ISSR loci, molecular variance among the populations of the two countries was much smaller for native I. noli-tangere (7.3%), when compared to invasive I. parviflora (49.7%) or I. glandulifera (45.6%). Genetic differentiation among the populations was the smallest for I. noli-tangere (G_ST = 0.36). The populations of both invasive species from the Czech Republic were more polymorphic at ISSR loci, when compared to those from Lithuania. Mantel test showed significant correlations between geographic and genetic distances in the case of both DNA markers. The Czech Republic’s populations were bigger in size, grew in higher altitudes, mean annual temperatures of the site were higher by several degrees and mean annual rainfall was lower compared to Lithuania’s. Polymorphisms at RAPD and ISSR loci might play different role for viability of populations of Impatiens species. ISSR markers were more useful for the assessment of genetic differences between native and invasive Impatiens species.

Key words: alien species, Balsaminaceae, diversity, invasions, marker.

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