102(1)_str1

ISSN 1392-3196 / e-ISSN 2335-8947
Zemdirbyste-Agriculture, vol. 102, No. 1 (2015), p. 3–14
DOI  10.13080/z-a.2015.102.001

Soil water capacity, pore-size distribution and CO₂ e-flux in different soils after long-term no-till management

Virginijus FEIZA, Dalia FEIZIENĖ, Aušra SINKEVIČIENĖ, Vaclovas BOGUŽAS, Agnė PUTRAMENTAITĖ, Sigitas LAZAUSKAS, Irena DEVEIKYTĖ, Vytautas SEIBUTIS, Vaida STEPONAVIČIENĖ, Simona PRANAITIENĖ

Abstract

Little is known about the effects of modern soil management practices, especially no-tillage, on soil physical state, soil pore size distribution and soil water capacity after a long-time of successive application on different soil types. The investigations were performed in 2014 at the Institute of Agriculture, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry in Central Lithuania’s lowland on a sandy loam-textured Endocalcari-Epihypogleyic Cambisol (CMg-p-w-can) and at the Experimental Station of Aleksandras Stulginskis University on a silt loam-textured Endohypogleyic-Eutric Planosol (PLe-gln-w). The goals of this paper were a) to compare soil water capacity, soil pore-size distribution and CO₂ e-flux in Cambisol and Planosol, b) to evaluate the effect of long-term no-tillage application in combination with and without residue management on hydro-physical properties of soils with different genesis and c) to assess the suitability of such management practice for practical use.

Regarding different soils genesis, the lower bulk density and higher total porosity were registered within 0–20 cm depth in Planosol than in Cambisol, while Cambisol was better aerated than Planosol due to a greater space of macropores. A risk of waterlogging condition may occur in Planosol due to a greater share of meso- and microporosity within 5–35 cm soil depth, compared to Cambisol.

No-tillage application with crop residue returning was more suitable on Cambisol than on Planosol. This soil management system increased volumetric water content in the soil and CO₂ e-flux. No-tillage with residue removal on Cambisol conditioned soil CO₂ e-flux increase when volumetric soil water content ranged from 0.159 to 0.196 m³ m^-3. When soil water content increased up to 0.220–0.250 m³ m^-3, the e-flux peak was reached at which the further CO₂ e-flux sloped down. On Planosol, the soil CO₂ e-flux peak ranges were lower, i.e. approximately 0.170–0.200 m³ m^-3. Long-term residue returning onto soil surface on Planosol acted as a physical obstruction inside mesopores in 5–10 cm and within macropores in 5–10 and 15–20 cm layers and, finally, causing clogging them. Increase of soil surface volumetric water content in Planosol caused a decrease in soil CO₂ e-flux.

Key words: bulk density, field capacity, permanent wilting point, soil pore structure, water retention.

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